Moldy Foods

Moldy foods may contain certain tremorgenic mycotoxins such as penitrem-A and roquefortine C.^1,2 Tremorgenic mycotoxins can induce muscle tremors, ataxia, and convulsions that can last for several days.^1,2 Intoxications have been reported in many species; however, dogs that roam or have access to spoiled foods are more at risk.

Tremorgenic mycotoxins are classified as neurotoxins.^1,2 While the exact mechanism of action is not known, studies have shown that penitrem-A inhibits the inhibitory neurotransmitter glycine in mice.¹ Severity of signs can vary from mild to severe, depending on the particular strength of the mycotoxin ingested.

Treatment goals following tremorgenic mycotoxin ingestion include minimizing absorption through decontamination procedures, such as emesis, lavage, and activated charcoal, controlling tremors and seizures with methocarbamol, and providing supportive care.¹ With early aggressive treatment, prognosis is good.

Definitive diagnosis can be confirmed by mass spectrometry analysis of stomach contents. ¹ Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratories that perform the test include Michigan State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory and Iowa State Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory. It is important to note that analysis of mycotoxins may take several days